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1998年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题与参考答案

编辑：Fiona 来源：人人英语点击：16 日期：2008-05-13

1998年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题与参考答案
Part I Structure and Vocabulary

Sections A

Directions:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A),B),C)andD).Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (5 points)
Example:

I have been to the Great Wall three times _____ 1979.

A)fromB)afterC)forD)since

The sentence should read,"I have been to the Great Wall three times since 1979."Therefore, you should choose D).

1.I worked so late in the office last night that I hardly had time _____ the last bus .

A)to have caught

B)to catch

C)catching

D)having caught

2.As it turned out to be a small house party, we _____ so formally.

A)needn't dress up

B)did not need have dressed up

C)did not need dress up

D)needn't have dressed up

3.I apologize if I _____ you, but I assure you it was unintentional .

A)offend

B)had offended

C)should have offended

D)might have offended

4.Although a teenager, Fred could resist _____ what to do and what not to do .

A)to be told

B)having been told

C)being told

D)to have been told

5.Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage _____ avoided .

A)is to be

B)can be

C)will be

D)has been

6.Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true _____ it comes to classroom tests .

A)before

B)as

C)since

D)when

7.There are over 100 night schools in the city, making it possible for a professional to be re-educated no matter _____ he does .

A)how

B)where

C)what

D)when

8.I've kept up a friendship with a girl whom I was at school _____ twenty years ago .

A)about

B)since

C)till

D)with

9.He wasn't asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, _____ insufficiently popular with all members .

A)being considerd

B)considering

C)to be considered

D)having considered

10._____ for the timely investment from the general public,our company would not be so thriving as it is .

A)Had it not been

B)Were it not

C)Be it not

D)Should it not be
Section B

Directions:Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A),B),C)and D). Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (5 points)

Example:

A number of A) foreign visitors were taken B) to the industrial exhibition which C) they saw D) many new products.

Part C) is wrong. The sentence should read, “A number of foreign visitors were taken to the industrial exhibition where they saw many new products.” So you should choose C).

11.According to Darwin,randon changes that enhance a species' A) ability for surviving B) are C) naturally selected and passed on to succeeding D) generations.

12.Neither rain nor snow keeps A) the postman from delivering our letters which B)we so much C) look forward to receive D) .

13.If they will not accept A) a check, we shall have B)to pay the cash C) , though it would be D) much trouble for both sides .

14.Having been A) robbed off B)economic importance,those states are not C) likely to count for very much D) in international political terms.

15.The message will be A) that B)neither the market nor the government is capable of dealing with all of their C) uncontrollable practices D) .

16.The logic of scientific development is such A) that separates B)groups of men working on C) the same problem in far-scattered D) laboratories are likely to arrive at the same answer at the same time.

17.Yet not all of these races are intellectual inferior to A) the European races, and B)some may even have a C) freshness and vitality that can renew the energies D) of more advanced races.

18.The A) more than 50,000 nuclear weapons in the hands of various nations today are more than B)ample destroying C) every city in the world several times over D) .

19.The universe works in a way so far remove A) from what common sense would B)allow that C) words of any kind must necessarily be inadequate to explain it D) .

20.The integration of independent states could best be A) brought about by first B)creaing a central organization with authorities C) over technical D) economic tasks.
Sections C

Directions:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)

Example:

The lost car of the Lees was found _____ in the woods off the highway.

A)vanishedB)scattered C)abandonedD)rejected

The sentence should read, “The lost car of the Lees was found abandoned in the woods off the highway.” Therefore, you should choose C).

21.The machine needs a complete _____ since it has been in use for over ten years .

A)amending

B)fitting

C)mending

D)renovating

22.There were many people present and he appeared only for a few seconds, so I only caught a _____ of him .

A)glance

B)glimpse

C)look

D)sight

23.I don't think it's wise of you to _____ your greater knowledge in front of the director, for it may offend him .

A)show up

B)show out

C)show in

D)show off

24.The returns in the short _____ may be small,but over a number of years the investment will be well repaid .

A)interval

B)range

C)span

D)term

25.A thorough study of biology requires _____ with the properties of trees and plants,and the habit of birds and beasts .

A)acquisition

B)discrimination

C)curiosity

D)familiarity

26.She worked hard at her task before she felt sure that the results would _____ her long effort .

A)justify

B)testify

C)rectify

D)verify

27.I'm very glad to know that my boss has generously agreed to _____ my debt in return for certain services .

A)take away

B)cut out

C)write off

D)clear up

28.Some journalists often overstate the situation so that their news may create a great _____ .

A)explosion

B)sensation

C)exaggeration

D)stimulation

29.According to what you have just said,am I to understand that his new post _____ no responsibility with it at all? .

A)shoulders

B)possesses

C)carries

D)shares

30.Sometimes the student may be asked to write about his _____ to a certain book or article that has some bearing on the subject being studied .

A)comment

B)reaction

C)impression

D)comprehension

31.Please _____ yourself from smoking and spitting in public places,since the law fotbids them .

A)restrain

B)hinder

C)restrict

D)prohibit

32.Without telephone it would be impossible to carry on the functions of _____ every business operation in the whole country .

A)practically

B)preferably

C)precisely

D)presumably

33.Preliminary estimation puts the figure at around $110 billion, _____ the $160 billion the President is struggling to get through the Congress .

A)in proportion to

B)in reply to

C)in relation to

D)in contrast to

34.He is planning another tour abroad,yet his passport will _____ at the end of this month .

A)expire

B)exceed

C)terminate

D)cease

35.All the off-shore oil explorers were in high spirits as they read _____ letters from their families .

A)sentimental

B)affectionate

C)intimate

D)sensitive

36.Several international events in the early 1990s seem likely to _____ ,or at least weaken,the trends that emerged in the 1980s .

A)revolt

B)revolve

C)reverse

D)revive

37.I was unaware of the critical points involved,so my choice was quite _____ .

A)arbitrary

B)rational

C)mechanical

D)unpredictable

38.The local people were joyfully surprised to find the price of vegetables no longer _____ according to the weather .

A)altered

B)converted

C)fluctuated

D)modified

39.The pursuit of leisure on the part of the employees will certainly not _____ their prospect of promotion .

A)spur

B)further

C)induce

D)reinforce

40.In what _____ to a last minute stay of execution,a council announced that emergency funding would keep alive two aging satellites .

A)applies

B)accounts

C)attaches

D)amounts
Part II Cloze Test

Directions:For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A),B),C),D). Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)
Until recently most histroians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. They 41 that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the 42 man. But they insisted that its 43 results during the period from 1750 to 1850 were widespread poverty and misery for the 44 of the English population. 45 contrast, they saw in the preceding hundred years from 1650 to 1750, when England was still a 46 agricultural country, a period of great abundance and prosperity.

This view, 47 ,is generally thought to be wrong. Specialists 48 history and economics, have 49 two things:that the period from 1650 to 1750 was 50 by great poverty, and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace.

41.A)admitted B)believed C)claimed D)predicted

42.A)plain B)average C)mean D)normal

43.A)momentary B)prompt C)instant D)immediate

44.A)bulk B)host C)gross D)magnitude

45.A)On B)With C)For D)By

46.A)broadly B)thoroughly C)generally D)completely

47.A)however B)meanwhile C)therefore D)moreover

48.A)at B)in C)about D)for

49.A)manifested B)approved C)shown D)speculated

50.A)noted B)impressed C)labeled D)marked
Part III Reading Comprehension

Directions:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked A),B),C) and D). Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (40 points)

Passage 1

Few creations of big technology capture the imagination like giant dams. Perhaps it is humankind's long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the ideal of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascination. But to be fascinated is also, sometimes, to be blind. Several giant dam projects threaten to do more harm than good.

The lesson from dams is that big is not always beautiful. It doesn't help that building a big, powerful dam has become a symbol of achievement for nations and people striving to assert themselves. Egypt's leadership in the Arab world was cemented by the Aswan High Dam. Turkey's bid for First World status includes the giant Ataturk Dam.

But big dams tend not to work as intended. The Aswan Dam, for example stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left - all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.

And yet, the myth of controlling the waters persists. This week, in the heart of civilized Europe, Slovaks and Hungarians stopped just short of sending in the troops in their contention over a dam on the Danube. The huge complex will probably have all the usual problems of big dams. But Slovakia is bidding for independence from the Czechs, and now needs a dam to prove itself.

Meanwhile, in India, the World Bank has given the go ahead to the even more wrong headed Narmada Dam. And the bank has done this even though its advisors say the dam will cause hardship for the powerless and environmental destruction. The benefits are for the powerful, but they are far from guaranteed.

Proper, scientific study of the impacts of dams and of the cost and benefits of controlling water can help to resolve these conflicts. Hydroelectric power and flood control and irrigation are possible without building monster dams. But when you are dealing with myths, it is hard to be either proper, or scientific. It is time that the world learned the lessons of Aswan. You don't need a dam to be saved.

51.The third sentence of paragraph 1 implies that _____ .

A)people would be happy if they shut their eyes to reality

B)the blind could be happier than the sighted

C) overexcited people tend to neglect vital things.

D)fascination makes people lose their eyesight

52.In paragraph 5, “the powerless” probably refers to _____ .

A)areas short of electricity

B)dams without power stations

C)poor counrtries around India

D)common people in the Narmada Dam area

53.What is the myth concerning giant dams?

A)They bring in more fertile soil.